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O que (quem) é transitional phenotype - definição
BOOK WRITTEN BY RICHARD DAWKINS, ABOUT THE EXTENSION OF THE PHENOTYPE TO ETHOLOGY
Extended phenotype; Extended Phenotype; The extended phenotype
![A [[beaver dam]], an example of an organism altering the environment in which it evolves — the first form of extended phenotype](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Beaver dam in Tierra del Fuego.jpg?width=200 "A [[beaver dam]], an example of an organism altering the environment in which it evolves — the first form of extended phenotype")
![reed warbler]] raising the young of a common cuckoo](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Reed warbler cuckoo.jpg?width=200 "reed warbler]] raising the young of a common cuckoo")
Phenotype (clinical medicine)
PRESENTATION OF A DISEASE IN CLINICAL MEDICINE
Clinical phenotype
In a nosological sense, the term phenotype can be used in clinical medicine for speaking about the presentation of a disease. The complementary concept in this regard is endotype, which refers to the pathogenesis of the disease ignoring its presentation.
The Extended Phenotype
The Extended Phenotype is a 1982 book by the evolutionary biologist Richard Dawkins, in which the author introduced a biological concept of the same name. The main idea is that phenotype should not be limited to biological processes such as protein biosynthesis or tissue growth, but extended to include all effects that a gene has on its environment, inside or outside the body of the individual organism.
Transitional fossil
![Fossil of ''[[Amphistium]]'' with one eye at the top-center of the head](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Amphistium.JPG?width=200 "Fossil of ''[[Amphistium]]'' with one eye at the top-center of the head")
![theropod]] [[dinosaur]]s.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Archaeopteryx lithographica (Berlin specimen).jpg?width=200 "theropod]] [[dinosaur]]s.")
![Archæopteryx]]''](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Archæopteryx, fig 1, Nordisk familjebok.png?width=200 "Archæopteryx]]''")
![chain of being]] with living and fossil animals. From G. Avery's critique of [[Ernst Haeckel]], 1873.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Human pidegree.jpg?width=200 "chain of being]] with living and fossil animals. From G. Avery's critique of [[Ernst Haeckel]], 1873.")
![A. afarensis]]'' - walking posture](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lucy Skeleton cropped.jpg?width=200 "A. afarensis]]'' - walking posture")
!["[[Java Man]]" or ''Pithecanthropus erectus'' (now ''[[Homo erectus]]''), the original "missing link" found in Java in 1891–92](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pithecanthropus-erectus.jpg?width=200 "\"[[Java Man]]\" or ''Pithecanthropus erectus'' (now ''[[Homo erectus]]''), the original \"missing link\" found in Java in 1891–92")
![Modern [[flatfish]] are asymmetrical, with both eyes on the same side of the head.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pseudopleuronectes americanus.jpg?width=200 "Modern [[flatfish]] are asymmetrical, with both eyes on the same side of the head.")
![Sudden jumps with apparent gaps in the fossil record have been used as evidence for [[punctuated equilibrium]]. Such jumps can be explained either by [[macromutation]] or simply by relatively rapid episodes of gradual evolution by natural selection, since a period of say 10,000 years barely registers in the fossil record.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Punctuated Equilibrium.svg?width=200 "Sudden jumps with apparent gaps in the fossil record have been used as evidence for [[punctuated equilibrium]]. Such jumps can be explained either by [[macromutation]] or simply by relatively rapid episodes of gradual evolution by natural selection, since a period of say 10,000 years barely registers in the fossil record.")
![Reconstruction of ''[[Rhynia]]''](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Rhynia reconstruction.svg?width=200 "Reconstruction of ''[[Rhynia]]''")
![The [[Devonian]] fossil plant ''[[Runcaria]]'' resembles a seed but lacks a solid seed coat and means to guide pollen.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Runcaria megasporangium and cupule drawing.jpg?width=200 "The [[Devonian]] fossil plant ''[[Runcaria]]'' resembles a seed but lacks a solid seed coat and means to guide pollen.")
![Traditional spindle diagram showing the [[vertebrate]]s classes "budding" off from each other. Transitional fossils typically represent animals from near the branching points.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Spindle diagram.jpg?width=200 "Traditional spindle diagram showing the [[vertebrate]]s classes \"budding\" off from each other. Transitional fossils typically represent animals from near the branching points.")
![spiracle]]s (air holes) above the eyes.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Tiktaalik Chicago.JPG?width=200 "spiracle]]s (air holes) above the eyes.")
FOSSILIZED REMAINS OF A LIFE FORM THAT EXHIBITS TRAITS COMMON TO BOTH AN ANCESTRAL GROUP AND ITS DERIVED DESCENDANT GROUP
Transitional form; Transitional fossils; Intermediate species; Transition form; Transitional species; Transitional Fossils; Transitional forms; Transitional features; Transitional group; Transitional Taxa; Transitional taxa; Transitional taxon
A transitional fossil is any fossilized remains of a life form that exhibits traits common to both an ancestral group and its derived descendant group. This is especially important where the descendant group is sharply differentiated by gross anatomy and mode of living from the ancestral group.
Wikipédia
The Extended Phenotype
The Extended Phenotype is a 1982 book by the evolutionary biologist Richard Dawkins, in which the author introduced a biological concept of the same name. The book’s main idea is that phenotype should not be limited to biological processes such as protein biosynthesis or tissue growth, but extended to include all effects that a gene has on its environment, inside or outside the body of the individual organism.
Dawkins considers The Extended Phenotype to be a sequel to The Selfish Gene (1976) aimed at professional biologists, and as his principal contribution to evolutionary theory.
